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10.1136/thorax.57.12.1054 Thorax 2 AverinaO

Accordingly, increased expression of PINK1 in lung epithelial cells of patients with COPD has also been observed, along with increased necroptosis markers, impaired alveolar macrophage autophagy (100), mitochondrial dysfunction, and morphology alteration in skeletal muscle (101)

Watkins & Jones 2001

And an empirical study on the effect of graphic warnings and package features on cigarette preference indicates that both graphic warnings and plain packaging can reduce the appeal of a cigarette brand [18]

Pure nicotine is close to odorless, just a faint, slightly bitter chemical note you'd only notice in high concentrations