Smoking Habits: Assess the patients smoking history, including the age of initiation, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, the duration of smoking, and the presence of any smoking triggers or patterns
[19] [21] Chest X-ray [edit] A plain chest radiograph, ideally with the X-ray beams being projected from the back (posteroanterior, or "PA"), and during maximal inspiration (holding one's breath), is the most appropriate first investigation
Put your clothes out in the sun if you have been exposed to cigarettes, keeping dark clothing in the shade so that it doesn't discolour from the sunlight
This population also often has limited access to smoking cessation programs and are more likely to die from smoking-related diseases than white people
J Clin Med 6(2):2139 Youle RJ, Narendra DP (2011) Mechanisms of mitophagy