b12 injection 5000 mcg Vitamin B-12 mcgInjection Deficiencies may result in anemia Nature's Bounty B12, Natural Berry

30 A 2021 meta-analysis on the effects of B12 on cognitive function found no benefit with either B12 alone (based on four RCTs) or B12 combined with other B vitamins (based on 13 studies)

Metformin for blood sugar and the acid reducers (PPIs) that so many adults take both measurably lower B12 absorption over time

5-amino-1-methylquinolinium) combined with low-fat diet (LD) promoted dramatic whole-body adiposity and weight loss in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, rapidly normalizing these measures to age-matched lean animals, while LD switch alone was unable to restore these measures to age-matched controls in the same time frame

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Key gap: no human trial has been published, and no human pharmacokinetic study is widely available