Individuals at risk of vitamin B12 deficiency include older adults, people with gastrointestinal disorders, those who have had gastrointestinal surgeries, individuals on a strict vegan diet, individuals who take metformin for blood sugar control, and people taking proton pump inhibitors for chronic heartburn
Overall, realistic expectation and a focus on holistic health improvements hold the greatest promise for long-term, sustainable weight management.
Common side effects include mild pain or redness at the injection site, transient headache, and pink-tinged urine due to the red colour of hydroxocobalamin
This vitamin is often present naturally in animal products
In adipose models, reduced NNMT activity has been linked with smaller adipocyte size and diminished fat depots, suggesting a potential role for this inhibitor in fat mass modulation under research conditions