For example, in certain lung pathophysiological conditions, oxygenation of terminal airways becomes uneven, such that this temporal and spatial variance in oxygen abundance essentially determines the survival of the lung cells via oxygen-dependent activation of cell regulators and genes critical to defending their structural/functional characteristics [5, 8, 10, 13, 14, 1618, 2123, 26, 27]
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Impairment of intestinal barrier function or increased intestinal permeability allows LPS and antigens to translocate into the subepithelial tissues, potentially enhancing the uptake of gut antigens and leading to mucosal oxidative stress and systemic inflammation [29, 30]
CD38 expression and functional activities are up-regulated by IFN-gamma on human monocytes and monocytic cell lines