C32 is the second active-site cysteinyl residue of PfGrx and C88 is the third cysteinyl residue, which is in the proximity of the active site and can also undergo redox modifications 14,26,30
In drawing on studies that extend from clinical epidemiology, through genetics, pharmacotherapy and animal models, to cell biology and biochemistry, we have aimed to provide a comprehensible and accessible narrative, although this comes at the expense of a fully comprehensive and systematic (and inevitably longer) analysis
Timeline expectations based on mechanisms: Gene expression changes (GHK-Cu) occur within days but take weeks translating to measurable functional improvements
Wu W-M, Yang J, Criddle CS
Case Reports and Conflicts of Interest In the absence of large-scale clinical trials, some practitioners rely on case reports and anecdotal evidence to justify the use of BPC-157