Although thiamine deficiency is rare in developed countries, it can lead to severe neurological disorders, emphasizing the importance of adequate thiamine intake for optimal health and as treatment when administered promptly ( 3 Vitamin B2 Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is predominantly found in milk and dairy products, as well as in organ meats such as liver and kidneys ( Riboflavin plays a critical role in the biochemistry of the nervous system, supporting energy metabolism, since its depletion leads to the impairment of mitochondrial function, while also supporting antioxidant defense mechanisms, being essential for cellular respiration and immune function ( Riboflavin has therapeutic potential for certain mitochondrial disorders, such as mutations in the X-linked apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 1 (AIFM1) and mitochondrial complex I deficiency nuclear type 20 or mitochondrial complex II deficiency ( Riboflavin also supports the antioxidant defense system by aiding the regeneration of other antioxidants, such as glutathione, from oxidized glutathione (GSSG), since riboflavin, in the form of FAD, is necessary for glutathione reductase to play its role in converting GSSG ( Vitamin B2 deficiency disrupts intermediary metabolism, potentially impairing energy production via the ETC, which is mainly concerned for the nervous system, given its high energy demands, and also can lead to disorders, such as migraine, because of energy failure, alongside overproduction of ROS ( Figure 4 ) ( Figure 4 Hoane et al
The ratio of GSH to GSSG in your cells is one of the most reliable markers of oxidative stress researchers have identified
However, remember the 28-day rule
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10.2174/1871527317666180720162029 63 ChiliA.CucattoA.TerreniA.SchifferD
