Age-related increases in oxidative stress have been associated with chronic inflammation, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease, osteoarthritis and type 2 diabetes in humans (Reference Cannizzo, Clement and Sahu4Reference Rains and Jain6) and companion animals, namely cats (Reference Brown7,Reference Vite and Head8) and dogs (Reference Brown7Reference Pizzirani10)
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) FAP, a membrane-bound serine protease belonging to the dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) family, is commonly expressed by CAFs and certain tumour cells such as sarcoma [26,27,28]
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Glucocorticoids have also been shown to control the cell cycle in corticotrophs
Maintaining an optimal maternal condition is essential for achieving favorable pregnancy rates, high-quality embryos, and ultimately, successful gestation and lactation to ensure the production of healthy calves