In recent years, scientific research has seen a surging interest in peptides
They act as signaling molecules in the body, influencing various biological systems, including tissue repair, immune function, and inflammation regulation
[2] Treated animals showed progressive recovery of tail motor function, absence of autotomy, and resolution of spasticity, alongside electromyographic changes and a microscopic profile in which the vacuolization, white-matter axon loss, gray-matter edema, and motoneuron loss typical of the injury were attenuated
The limited follow-up and the absence of adjustments for confounding variables further constrain the robustness and generalizability of the findings
Likewise, for bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), at that time, besides bone matrix, the following biomaterials have been tested as carriers: calcium phosphate, collagen, gelatin, and starch (Miyamoto et al., 1992